2023.10.6 Log
実践IELTS英単語
基本語641-720（確認）
要チェックの単語
nasty: (adj.) 不快な，迷惑な
=bad or very unpresant:
- He had a nasty cut above the eye.
- There's a nasty smell in here.
基本的に，マイナスイメージなので，
shock(衝撃)やsurprise(驚き)，habit(習慣)，bug(コンピュータのバグ)，cold(寒さ)，divorce(離婚)といったよくない名詞が共起する。
同様の考えから，類語として，Copus*1によると，horrible(恐ろしい)やugly(醜い)が挙げられている。
ほかに，unkind:の意もあり。
nasty to ~
- Don't so be nasty to your brother - he's four years younger than you!
mount: (自) 増す，高まる
=to graduary increase, rise, or get bigger:
- The children's excitement is mounting as Chirstmas gets nearer.
delicate: (adj) 壊れやすい；微妙な
=needing careful treatment, especially because easily damaged:
- Delicate plants need to be kept in greenhouse during the winter.
♦類義語(easily broken): breakable, brittle, fragile, frail
hire: (他) ~を雇う；賃借りする
=to employ someone or pay someone to do a particular job
- I was hired by the first company I applied to.
- We hired a magicial to entertain the chiledren.
=to pay to use something for a short period;
- How much would it cost to hire a car for the weekend?
上記の「賃借りする」は，rentと同義。
splendid: (adj) 素晴らしい，見事な
=excellent, or beautiful and impressive:
- We had splendid food/a splendid holiday/splendid whether.
♦類義語：excellent, glorious, maginificent
restore: (他) ~を回復する；~を復活させる
- The former leader was today restored to power in the first free elections for 20 years.
- The government is trying to restore public confidence in its management of the economy.
fascinating: (adj) 魅惑的な
- The museum has a fascinating collection of exhibits ranging from Iron Age pottery to Inunit clothing (イヌイットの服飾).
insist: (他) ～を強く主張する，言い張る
=to say firmly or demand forcefully, especially when others disagree with or oppose what you say:
- The police insist that they are not relaxing their campaign against drugs. (警察は薬物防止運動の手を緩めないと，強く主張する。)
Copusでは，decideやclaimが類義語として挙げられている。自分以外の反対意見や逆の立場，対抗勢力に抗うようなニュアンスを感じられる。
horrible: (adj) 恐ろしい
上述のnastyと同じように，マイナスイメージの単語。
- He's got a horrible cold.
cliff: (n) 崖，絶壁
- Keep away from the edge of the cliff - you might fall.
flood: (n) 洪水，氾濫
- in flood The river is in flood (= water has flowed over its banks) again.
動詞もある，水浸しにしていく感じ。
(v)=to cause to fill or become covered with water, especially in a way that causes problems:
- Our washing machine broke down yesterday and flooded the kitchen.
bore: (他) ～を退屈させる；（穴）をあける
- I was so bored that I slept through the second half of the film.
bow: (自) おじぎする
- They had to bow to the Prince.
- He bowed down before (= in front of) the king and begged for mercy.
ほかに，名詞として
- 弓
- （バイオリンなどの）弦
の意味がある。
